Apple rootstocks have long been recognised as a crucial factor in determining orchard productivity, tree vigour, and overall fruit quality. Recent advances in agronomic research have refined our ...

The use of apple rootstocks has transformed modern orchard management by enabling precise regulation of tree size and improving overall performance. Dwarfing rootstocks, in particular, manipulate ...

The process can be complex, but the results are incredibly satisfying—and delicious.

Apple farming heavily relies on dwarfing rootstocks like M9 for high-density planting and improved fruit quality. However, the exact mechanisms behind the dwarfing effect remain unclear. Previous ...

This research was carried out to compare several attributes pertaining to the growth, fruit and yield of four apple cultivars, i.e. ‘Golab-kohans’, ‘Fuji’, ‘Starking’ and ‘Delbar estival’. These ...

Nitrogen and potassium are fundamental nutrients for plant growth, but imbalances frequently disrupt agricultural systems. In apple orchards, low potassium can severely limit carbon and nitrogen ...

A significant study has uncovered the genetic mechanisms behind apple rootstock dwarfing, a practice pivotal for efficient and high-yield apple farming. The research delves into the role of the MdARF3 ...