The environments in space habitats and on the Earth are both closed-loop systems, only on vastly different scales. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission.

The clock is ticking on the ISS (International Space Station), so the pressure for a replacement is increasing – preferably with a much more comfortable, functional, and future-proof habitat. The LOOP ...

Nuclear thermal propulsion, which uses heat from nuclear reactions as fuel, could be used one day in human spaceflight, possibly even for missions to Mars. Its development, however, poses a challenge.