Investigate how vestibulospinal pathways contribute to spasticity and abnormal muscle co-activation after stroke, and advance our understanding of brainstem circuit mechanisms underlying motor ...

An abnormal red reflex finding most likely reflects an underlying ocular pathology in infants, but finding a normal red reflex during screening does not altogether exclude ocular disease. The American ...

A neuroskeletal-muscular examination is done to evaluate neck pain. As with all physical examinations, it begins with inspection and palpation. A cursory examination is performed to identify ...

Clonus is an abnormal reflex response that produces involuntary, repetitive, and rhythmic muscle contractions when a muscle is stretched. This abnormal reflex is typically a sign of an upper motor ...

Reflexes are automatic and involuntary actions the body produces in response to certain stimuli. While some reflexes can involve muscles and movement, others involve internal processes within the body ...

Dear Dr. Roach: I am a 70-year-old woman in good health. I recently saw a neurologist about my almost daily migraines. I also noted a feeling across the top of my right foot (and partway around it) ...

Medically reviewed by Qin Rao, MD Key Takeaways The gastrocolic reflex is a normal reaction that moves the colon after eating ...